History,Principles,and Summary of Applications of Electropenetrography (EPG)

Elaine A. Backusa

ABSTRACT

Studying the feeding，plant damage，and transmission (i. e. acquisition，retention，and inoculation) of plant pathogens caused by Hemipteran insect pests is challenging. Hemipteranmouthparts，the stylets，are probed into opaque plant tissues precluding direct observation. Thischallenge was overcome by the invention of electropenetrography，or electrical penetration graph(EPG) monitoring，the most rigorous method to identify feeding behaviors of Hemipteran croppests. Today，EPG is used in three main ways for the development of novel integrated pestmanagement (IPM) tactics for hemipteran pests. First，in cases where the fundamental mechanisms of feeding damage or transmission of a plant pathogen are unknown，EPG is instrumentalin identifying such mechanis ......     （共33864字）    [阅读本文]>>