2.2 Rainfall-runoff process

2.2.1 Runoff generation

In distributed hydrological modeling，the vertical column is usually stratified into four layers： vegetation canopy，surface layer，soil layer，andgroundwater aquifer (Figure 2-6).Precipitation goes first through vegetation canopy where canopy interception occurs，and then infiltrated water goesthrough surface layer.Although the excessive infiltrating water fills the sinks，the rest infiltrates into the soil.Soil is divided into several layers，and soil water may move laterally or vertically in each layer.The soil water of the last layer goes vertically into groundwater aquifers as groundwater recharge.In theseprocesses，surface sink-filling forms surface runoff，soil water discharged inlateral direction contributes to the interflow and excessive subsurfa ......     （共10232字）    [阅读本文]>>